# Commands
| **Command** | **Description** |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `AUTH PLAIN` | AUTH is a service extension used to authenticate the client. |
| `HELO` | The client logs in with its computer name and thus starts the session. |
| `MAIL FROM` | The client names the email sender. |
| `RCPT TO` | The client names the email recipient. |
| `DATA` | The client initiates the transmission of the email. |
| `RSET` | The client aborts the initiated transmission but keeps the connection between client and server. |
| `VRFY` | The client checks if a mailbox is available for message transfer. |
| `EXPN` | The client also checks if a mailbox is available for messaging with this command. |
| `NOOP` | The client requests a response from the server to prevent disconnection due to time-out. |
| `QUIT` | The client terminates the session. |
# HELO/EHLO
```bash
telnet <IP> 25
HELO mail1.inlanefreight.htb
VRFY root
MAIL FROM: <email address>
RCPT TO: <email address>
```
# Nmap
```bash
smtp-commands # default Nmap scripts
smtp-open-relay
```
# Enumerate users in SMTP server
```bash
sudo apt install smtp-user-enum
smtp-user-enum -M VRFY -U userlist.txt -t <target_ip> -p 25
smtp-user-enum -M VRFY -U ../footprinting-wordlist.txt -t 10.129.144.53 -p 25 -v -w 10
```
- `-M`: Method (`VRFY`, `EXPN`, or `RCPT`).
- `-U`: Path to user list.
- `-t`: Target IP address.
- `-p`: SMTP port.
- `-w`: wait a maximum of n seconds for reply